Ma nā huna hūnā, ʻaʻole i nā hua ʻōlelo a lākou - mai ka leka uila, hoʻoili pūnaewele, Wi-Fi a mai VKontakte a me Odnoklassniki mau hanana, he hanana maʻamau pinepine ʻole ia. ʻO kēia pili nui o ka lawe ʻole o nā mea hoʻohana i nā rula palekana maʻalahi i ka wā e hoʻokumu ai, ke mālama a hoʻohana i nā ʻōlelo huna. Akā ʻaʻole kēia wale ke kumu o nā huaʻōlelo hiki i ke hāʻule i loko o nā lima hewa.
Hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī e pili ana i nā ala e hiki ai ke nahā i nā mea hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohana a no ke kumu e hoʻopalike ai ʻoe i kēlā mau hōʻeha. I ka hopena, e ʻike ʻoe i kahi papa inoa o nā lawelawe pūnaewele e haʻi iā ʻoe inā ua hōʻole ʻia kāu ʻōlelo huna. E loaʻa kekahi (aia kekahi) i kahi ʻatikala ma ke kumuhana, akā ke noi nei au e hoʻomaka i ka heluhelu ʻana i ka loiloi o kēia manawa, a ke neʻe wale nei i kekahi.
Hoʻohou: ua mākaukau nā mea aʻe - E pili ana i ka palekana o ka ʻōlelo huna, e wehewehe ana pehea e hoʻonui aku ai i ka palekana o kāu mau waihona a me nā huaʻōlelo huna iā lākou.
He aha nā ala i hoʻohana ʻia e uhai i nā ʻōlelo huna?
E uhaʻi i nā ʻōlelo huna, ʻaʻole ākea kahi ākea o nā ʻano ʻenehana like ʻole. ʻIke ʻia lākou a pau a ʻike iki ʻia kekahi lula o ka ʻike pilikino ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā loina a pilikino a hui pū paha.
Pahuola
ʻO ke ala maʻamau e hōʻike ʻia nei i nā huaʻōlelo o nā lawelawe leka uila a me nā ʻoihana pūnaewele "hoʻoneʻe ʻia" a hiki i kēia lā ke phishing, a ke hana nei kēia ʻano no ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana.
ʻO ke ʻano nui o ke ala e hele ai ʻoe i kahi pūnaewele ʻike like ʻole (ʻo ia hoʻi ka Gmail, VK a ʻo Odnoklassniki, no ka laʻana), a no ke kumu a i ke kumu e noi ʻia ai ʻoe e komo i loko o kāu inoa inoa a me ka ʻōlelo huna (e komo, hōʻoia i kekahi mea. e hoololi ai, etc.). Ma hope koke iho o ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo huna, loaʻa iā ia ka mea nāna iho.
Pehea nā mea e hiki ai iā ʻoe: hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi leka, i ʻōlelo ʻia mai ke lawelawe kākoʻo, e hōʻike ana iā ʻoe e pono ke komo i loko o kāu moʻokāki a hāʻawi i kahi pilina, ke hele ʻoe i kēlā pūnaewele ke kope kūlike i ke kumu maoli. He mea hiki paha ke kau uʻi ʻole ʻia kahi polokalamu i makemake ʻole ʻia i kahi kamepiula, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana i ka wā i komo ai ʻoe i ka helu o ka pūnaewele āu e pono ai ma ka ʻaoʻao kipa browser, hele maoli ʻoe i kahi pūnaewele phishing i hoʻolālā ʻia i ka ala like.
E like me ka mea i ʻike mua ai, nui nā mea hoʻohana e hele mai ana ma waena o kēia mau mea, a maʻamau ʻo ia no ka mea nānā ʻole.
- I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka leka i loko o kahi ʻāpana a i ʻole kekahi e kono iā ʻoe e hoʻokomo i loko o kāu waihona ma kahi pūnaewele, e makaʻala e pili ana inā i hoʻouna ʻia ʻia mai ia mai ka leka uila ma kēia pūnaewele: nā mea like nā ʻōlelo like. No ka mea, ma kahi o [email protected], aia ma hope o ke kākoʻ[email protected] a i kekahi mea like. Akā, ʻaʻole pololei e ʻōlelo pololei ʻoi aku ka pololei o nā mea a pau.
- Ma mua o ke kau ʻana i kāu huaʻōlelo i kahi wahi, e nānā pono loa i kahi i ka wahi hea o kāu polokalamu. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka pūnaewele āu e makemake ai e hele e kuhikuhi ma laila. Akā, i ka hihia o malware i kāu kamepiula, ʻaʻole lawa kēia. Pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pili, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka protps https ma kahi o http a me ke kiʻi o ka "kī" i loko o ka pahu pā, ma ka kaomi ʻana e hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia he pololei ma kēia pūnaewele. Aneane nā makemake koʻikoʻi e koi ai i ka helu ʻana ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka pili.
Ma ke ala, e nānā wau ma aneʻi ʻo nā hōʻololo i ka hanana a me ka hana haki ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo (i wehewehe ʻia ma lalo nei) ʻaʻole ia e manaʻo i ka hana hōʻeha a me ka hana a nā mea hoʻokahi i kēia lā (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono ia e komo i hoʻokahi mau huaʻōlelo haneli) , a laila e hōʻike i ka kūleʻa o ka mea hoʻopuka. Eia hou, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau polokalamu ke hana i ka kamepiula ʻo hacker, akā ma kahi malū ia ʻoe a i kāu mau tausani o nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa e hoʻonui i ka pono o ka hacking.
Kaukauʻālua ʻōlelo
ʻO nā mea hoʻohana i ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana i ka ʻōlelo huna (Brute Force, brute ikaika i ka Lūkini) he maʻamau maoli. Inā he mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo ka hapanui o kēia mau hōʻemi ke helu ʻikepili i nā hui pū kekahi o nā ʻano huina e hoʻopili ai i nā hua ʻōlelo o kekahi lōʻihi, a ma kēia manawa ua maʻalahi nā mea a pau (no nā hackers).
ʻO ka nānā ʻana i nā miliona o nā huaʻōlelo i hala i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei e hōʻike ana he liʻiliʻi ma ka hapa o lākou he kūʻokoʻa, ʻo ka hapalua o nā pūnaewele i ʻike ʻole ʻia he "mua ʻole".
He aha ke ʻano? Ma ka hihia maʻamau, ʻaʻohe pono o ka mea hana hack i nā helu hapa he nui o ka hui ʻana: loaʻa kahi waihona o ka 10-15 miliona mau huaʻōlelo (ma kahi helu e kokoke ana, akā kokoke i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo) a lilo i kēia mau hui, hiki iā ia ke ʻoka i ka hapalua o nā hōʻike ma ka pūnaewele.
I ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i ka ʻenemi kūikawā, i ka hoʻohui ʻia i ka ʻikepili, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ikaika brute maʻalahi, a hiki i ka polokalamu hou ke hana i kēia hana wikiwiki. a me nā lā, ʻaʻole maʻamau (i nā minuke).
E nānā: inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka ʻōlelo like no nā pūnaewele a me nā lawelawe, a laila e like me kāu ʻōlelo a me ka leka uila e pili ʻia ana i kekahi o lākou, me ke kōkua o ka polokalamu kūikawā e like me ka hui ʻana o ka loiloi a me ka ʻōlelo huna ma luna o nā mau pūnaewele ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, pololei ma hope o ka leakū mau miliona mau huaʻōlelo Gmail a Yandex ma ka hopena o ka makahiki i hala, ua hala kahi leʻa o ka hacking ʻo Origin, Steam, Battle.net a me Uplay keu (manaʻo wau, a me kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopili mai lākou iaʻu ma nā lawelawe pāʻani i kuhikuhi ʻia).
Nā paena pūnaewele a me ka loaʻa ʻana i nā hashes password
ʻAʻole ʻo ka hapanui o nā pūnaewele koʻikoʻi e mālama i kāu ʻōlelo huna ma ke ʻano āu e ʻike ai. Hoʻokomo wale kekahi hānai i loko o ka waihona - ka hopena o ka noi ʻana i kahi hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa hou kāu ʻōlelo huna mai kēia hopena) i ka ʻōlelo huna. Ke komo nei ʻoe i ka pūnaewele, kau ʻia ka hash a inā, i pili ia i nā mea i mālama ʻia i loko o ka waihona, a laila pololei ʻoe i komo i ka ʻōlelo huna.
E like me kāu e kuhi nei, ʻo nā ʻōpala i mālama ʻia, ʻaʻole pono nā kāpae iā lākou iho, no nā kumu palekana wale nō.
Akā, pinepine pinepine, hiki iā ia ke hana i kēia:
- I ke helu ʻana i ka hash, ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi algorithm, no ka hapa nui - i ʻike ʻia a maʻamau hoʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i kēlā me kēia ke hoʻohana iā lākou).
- Loaʻa i nā ʻikepili me nā miliona o nā huaʻōlelo (mai kahi kuhikuhi brute), ka mea i hoʻopuka i loaʻa i nā pihi o kēia mau ʻōlelo huna i helu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻia i nā algorithm ʻike ʻia.
- Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ʻike mai ka waihona ʻike hualoaʻa a me ka hala ʻana o ka huaʻōlelo mai kāu waihona kikowaena, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ka algorithm e hoʻohana ai a ʻike i nā ʻōlelo huna maoli no kekahi o nā komo i ka waihona ma ka ʻike maʻalahi (no nā mea ʻokoʻa āpau). A e kōkua nā mea kōkua ʻumeu e loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke koena o ka ʻokoʻa, akā he mau ʻōlelo pōkole.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo nā hua kūʻai o nā lawelawe like ʻole i mālama lākou i kāu mau password i kā lākou pūnaewele me ka mālama ʻole iā ʻoe mai kona leakage.
Kauka (SpyWare)
ʻO SpyWare a i ʻole spyware - i kahi pūnaehana lako hakahaka maikaʻi i hoʻopili paʻa ʻia i kāu kamepiula (ʻo ʻoe pū kekahi lawelawe spyware hiki ke kau ʻia i kekahi polokalamu kūpono) a hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka mea hoʻohana.
Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo kekahi mau ʻano o SpyWare, no ka laʻana, nā keylogger (nā polokalamu e mālama ana i kāu kīkala) a i ʻole e hūnā ʻia nā mea kūʻai aku huna, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia (a hoʻohana ʻia) e loaʻa i ka ʻōlelo huna mea hoʻohana.
Nā ʻ Engineeringlelo ʻepekema ʻikepili a me nā Palapala Hoʻoikaika Kata
E like me ka ʻōlelo ʻana a Wikipedia iā mākou, ʻo ka ʻenehana ʻenehana he ʻano e hiki ai i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻano o ka ʻenehana kūloko kanaka (ʻo ia hoʻi ka phishing i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna). Ma ka Pūnaewele hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona he nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻenehanaʻenehana (aʻoi aku wau e ʻimi a heluhelu hoʻi - he mea hoihoi kēia) a keahiʻi nei kekahi mau mea i ko lākou nani. Ma nā ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻike ke ʻano o ka ʻike i kahi kokoke e ʻike i ka ʻike pilikino e hiki ai ke loaʻa i ka nāwaliwali o ke kanaka.
A e hāʻawi wale wau i kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi a ʻaʻole loa e hoʻohālikelike i ka home e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo huna. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ma nā pūnaewele he nui, e hoʻihoʻi hou i kāu ʻōlelo huna, ua lawa ke komo ʻana i ka pane i ka nīnau palekana: he aha kāu kula i hele ai, inoa inoa wahine a ka makuahine, ʻo ka inoa inoa ʻo ka holoholona ... a i ʻole e hoʻohana pū ai i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, i ka kamaʻāina me ʻoe, a i ʻole ke hālāwai kūikawā, loaʻa i ka ʻike like ʻole?
Pehea e ʻike ai ua huikala ʻia kāu ʻōlelo huna
Ma kēlā, i ka hopena o ka ʻatikala, aia he mau lawelawe e hōʻike ana iā ʻoe inā ua hili ʻia kāu huaʻōlelo ma ka nānā ʻana i kāu leka uila a i ʻole mea e hoʻohana ai me kahi waihona o nā ʻōlelo huna i loaʻa mai e nā mea hoʻopiʻi. (Loheu liʻiliʻi iaʻu ma waena o lākou ka nui o ka hapa nui o ka ʻikepili mai nā lawelawe ʻōlelo Rūsia.
- //haveibeenpwned.com/
- //breachalarm.com/
- //pwnedlist.com/query
Loaʻa i kāu moʻokāki ma ka papa inoa o nā mea ʻike maka kaulana? He kūpono ia e hoʻololi i ka ʻōlelo huna, akā ʻoi aku nā mea hou aku e pili ana i nā hana palekana e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo huna a kaʻu e kākau ai i nā lā e hiki mai ana.
