He nui nā mea hoʻohana, ke alo nei i ka pono e hoʻonohonoho i kahi limahana leka uila kūikawā, e kahaha nei: "He aha ka protocol email." ʻOiaʻiʻo, i mea e "hana" i kahi polokalamu kahi hana maʻamau a hoʻohana iā ia me ka hōʻoluʻolu, he mea nui ia e ʻike i ko nā koho i koho ʻia a koho ʻia, a he aha hoʻi kona ʻokoʻa mai nā mea'ē aʻe. Aia e pili ana i nā protocol mail, ke kumu o kā lākou hana a me ke kaulike, a me kekahi mau nuances e kūkākūkā ʻia ma kēia ʻatikala.
Pūnaewele Email
Ma ka huina, he ʻekolu mau ʻekena i maʻamau ʻia i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā leka uila (e hoʻouna ana a loaʻa iā lākou) - ʻo ia ʻo IMAP, POP3 a me SMTP. Aia kekahi HTTP, i kapa ʻia i nā leka uila, akā ʻaʻohe pili pili ia i kā mākou kumuhana o kēia manawa. Ma lalo iho mākou e noʻonoʻo hou ai i kēlā me kēia o nā protocol, maopopo i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona a hiki i nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, akā e wehewehe mua mākou i ka ʻōlelo iho.
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana leka uila, i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi a maopopo hoʻi, pehea e lawe ʻia ai ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka leka uila, ʻo ia hoʻi, a me kahi mea e pani ʻia ai ka leka mai ka mea hoʻopuka i ka mea i lawe.
SMTP (Kōkuhi Maikaʻi Kuhi leka uila)
Nā noi leka uila maʻalahi - pehea kēia i ka unuhi piha o SMTP a unuhi ʻia. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia kuʻuna no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka leka uila ma nā ʻoihana e like me TCP / IP (kūikawā, TCP 25 i hoʻohana no ka leka uila). Aia nō kekahi ʻano hou "hou" - ESMTP (Hoʻopuka SMTP), i hāpai ʻia ma ka 2008, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai Simple Mail Transfer Protocol i kēia manawa.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka protocol SMTP e nā kikowaena leka a me nā me nā mea ʻelua no ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā leka, akā ʻo ka noi o nā mea kūʻai aku i manaʻo ʻia i nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau e hoʻohana iā ia ma kahi hoʻokahi wale nō - ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā leka uila i ka server no ka hoʻoiho hou aʻe.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā noi leka uila, e pili pū ana me Mozilla Thunderbird kaulana, The Bat !, Microsoft Outlook, e hoʻohana ana i POP a i ʻole IMAP e loaʻa i nā leka uila, e kūkākūkā ma hope. Ma ka manawa like, hiki i kahi mea kime mai Microsoft (Outluk) ke hoʻohana i kahi protocol proprietary e loaʻa ai ka ʻike i ka mooolelo hoʻohana ma kāna kikowaena, akā, ua ʻoi aku kēia ma mua o ka palena o kā mākou kumuhana.
E nānā pū: Loaʻa i ka leka uila e loaʻa nā pilikia
POP3 (Hale Pili Pūnaewele Uila 3)
ʻO ke kolu o ka papa o ka protocol office office (unuhi ʻia mai English) he ʻano pae mana noi e hoʻohana ʻia e nā polokalamu limahana kūikawā e kiʻi i ka leka uila mai kahi kikowaena mamao ma o ka pilina pili like ʻole ma ka hihia o SMTP - TCP / IP. Kū pololei pū i kāna hana, hoʻohana ʻo POP3 i ka helu helu 110, eia naʻe, ma ka loina SSL / TLS, 995 ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻo ia kēia palapala leka (e like me ka hope o ka papa inoa o kā mākou papa inoa) e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ana no ka huki leka uila. ʻAʻole ka mea liʻiliʻi, ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia e ka POP3, a me IMAP, ʻaʻole i kākoʻo ʻia e ka poʻe leka uila kūikawā, akā hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea lawelawe o nā lawelawe e pili ana - Gmail, Yahoo !, Hotmail, etc.
Kākau: ʻO ke paona ma ke kula ka helu ʻekolu o kēia protocol. ʻO ka mea mua a me ka mua e like me ia (POP, POP2, ma kēlā me kēia) i kēia manawa ke manaʻo nei he mau mea ʻole.
E nānā pū: e hōʻoia ana i ka leka uila o GMail i ka mea kūʻai aku mail
IMAP (Pūnaewele Hoʻohui Pūnaewele Pūnaewele)
ʻO kēia kahi kiko palapala noi noi i loaʻa i ke kiko uila. E like me nā kūlana i kamaʻilio ʻia ma luna, kau ʻia ʻo IMAP ma ka protocol transporting TCP, a me ka port 143 (a i ʻole 993 no ka pili SSL / TLS) e hana i nā hana i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia.
ʻOiaiʻo ia, ʻo ia ka Pūnaewele Inoa Polokalamu Hōʻike e hāʻawi i nā manawa kūpono loa no ka hana ʻana me nā leka a me nā leka uila e waiho ana ma kahi kikowaena kikowaena. ʻO ka noi a ka mea hoʻohana e hoʻohana ai i kēia protocol no kāna hana ua loaʻa ka piha o nā leka uila e like me ka mea i mālama ʻia ʻaʻole ma ka server, akā i ka kamepiula o ka mea hoʻohana.
ʻAeʻo IMAP ʻoe e hana i nā hana pono a pau me nā leka a me kahi pahu (pololei) ma kahi PC ʻaʻole pono ke hoʻouna mau i nā faila a me nā ʻatikala e pili ana i ka server a loaʻa iā lākou. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka POP3 ma luna, e like me kā mākou i hōʻike ai, hana like ʻole, "huki" i ka ʻikepili e pono ai i ka pili ʻana.
E heluhelu pū: ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia me ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā leka uila
HTTP
E like me ka mea i haʻi mua ʻia ma ka ʻatikala, ʻo HTTP kahi palani ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia no ka kamaʻilio leka uila. I ka manawa like, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kiʻi i ka leka uila, hoʻokūkū (akā ʻaʻole hoʻouna) a loaʻa i nā leka uila. ʻO ia, hana ia he hapa wale nō o nā hana e pili ana i nā hana o ka postal i kamaʻilio ʻia ma luna nei. A ʻoiai, ʻoiai, e kapa ʻia ʻo ia i ka pūnaewele mailaka. Malia paha kekahi o kēia hana i hana ʻia e ka lawelawe Hotmail mua i hoʻohana ʻia, e hoʻohana ana i ka HTTP.
Ke koho ʻana i kahi leka uila uila
No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā mākou iho me nā mea o kēlā me kēia leka uila i kēia manawa, hiki iā mākou ke hele i ke koho pololei o ka mea kūpono loa. ʻO HTTP, no nā kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻaʻohe hoihoi o kēia ʻaukā, a ua pili ka SMTP i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka mea i hoʻomau ʻia e kahi mea hoʻohana maʻamau. No laila, i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka hoʻonohonoho a me ka hōʻoia i ka hana kūpono o ka mea leka uila, pono e koho ʻoe ma waena o POP3 a me IMAP.
Pūnaewele Hoʻoikaika ʻikepili Pūnaewele (IMAP)
I ka hanana āu e makemake ai e loaʻa koke i nā mea āpau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ka leka uila e pili ana i kēia manawa, ikaika mākou e noi iā ʻoe e koho iā IMAP. Loaʻa ka maikaʻi o kēia protocol me ka hoʻonohonoho paʻa ʻia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana me ka leka ma nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole - a i ka manawa like a me ka hoʻonohonoho pono ʻana, no laila, e nānā mau nā leka kūpono. ʻO nā pōʻino koʻikoʻi o ka Pūnaewele Alaʻai Protocol e kū mai mai nā hiʻohiʻona o kona hana a ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻopiha nui ʻia i ka wahi i ʻike ʻia.
Aia pū kekahi mau pono like ʻole ʻo ka IMAP - hiki iā ia ke hoʻonohonoho i nā leka i ka leka uila ma kahi kauoha hierarchical, hana i nā papa kuhikuhi a kau aku i nā leka ma laila, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ʻae iā lākou. Mahalo i kēia, he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻonohonoho pono i ka hana kūpono a me ka ʻoluʻolu me nā leka uila. Eia nō naʻe, he ala hou hou mai i kahi hana pono - me ka ʻai ʻana o ka ʻaka ʻole o ka papaha, ke loaʻa he nui ma luna o ka mea hoʻoponopono a me RAM. Ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻike wale ʻia kēia ma ke kaʻina hoʻonohonoho, a kū wale ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Nā Kuhi Keahi 3 (POP3)
He kūpono ʻo POP3 no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi mea hoʻopiʻi leka uila inā hoʻokani mua ʻia ka mana nui e ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wahi ʻole i ka server (drive) a me ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kēia: ke kāpae i kāu koho ma kēia protocol, ua hōʻole ʻoe iā ʻoe iho ka hoʻonohonoho ma waena o nā hāmeʻa. ʻO ia, inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe, he ʻekolu mau leka i ke kelepona Nona 1 a mākaʻikaʻi iā lākou e heluhelu ʻia, a laila ma ke ʻaoʻao Helu 2, e holo ana hoʻi ma ka Post Office Protocol 3, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻailona ʻia ma ia ʻano.
Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi o POP3 ʻaʻole wale i ka mālama ʻana i ka waiho kōpae, akā i ka ʻole o ka liʻiliʻi o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka CPU a me RAM. ʻO kēia protocol, ʻaʻohe o ka maikaʻi o ka pili pūnaewele, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoiho i nā leka uila holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, me nā ʻōkuhi āpau a me nā pili. ʻAe, hiki wale nō kēia i ka wā e launa pū ai, akā ʻo kahi IMAP hana i ʻoi aku, e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka holo ʻana a i ʻole ka wikiwiki o ke kala, e hoʻoiho wale i nā memo i kekahi, a e hōʻike wale paha i ko lākou poʻo, a waiho i ka hapa nui o nā ʻike ma ke kikowaena "a hiki i nā manawa maikaʻi".
Hoʻohālikelike
Ma kēia ʻatikala a mākou i hoʻāʻo ai e hāʻawi i ka pane kikoʻī a maopopo loa i ka nīnau no ke aha ka protocol email. ʻOiai ke kīia he ʻehā mau o lākou, ʻelua wale nō ka makemake i ka mea hoʻohana maʻamau - IMAP a me POP3. E makemake mua ka mea mua i ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i ka leka uila mai nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole, e kiʻi koke i nā leka āpau (pono ʻole), hoʻonohonoho iā lākou a hoʻonohonoho iā lākou. ʻO ka lua ua ʻekikena hou ʻia - ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki i ka hana, akā, ʻaʻole e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho pono iā ia ma nā polokalamu he hoʻokahi.
